Adjacency Matrix
Programming Document
Secure Vestibule / M.C. Lobby
Function:
A controlled-access entry for staff and visitors who enter the memory care community. The attendant station must be able to directly see the entry and be relatively close for monitoring residents.
Quantity:
1
Adjacencies:
Direct: Breakroom, Attendant
Close: Medicine / Charting Room, M.C. Director
Minimum Equipment Needs:
· Desktop Computer
· Telephone
· Security Camera
Furniture Needs:
· Task chair
· 42” high transaction counter with 36” wide ADA Counter
· BBF and FF or lateral file
· Guest seating
Views:
Direct line of sight to entry
Staff Break Room
Function:
To provide a space for the staff to store their belongings, prepare and eat their food, and unwind on their breaks.
Quantity:
1
Adjacencies:
Direct: Lobby/Vestibule, Attendant
Close: Medicine / Charting Room, M.C. Director
Minimum Equipment Needs:
· Lockers
· Microwave
· Coffee machine
· Sink
Furniture Needs:
· Lounge seating
M.C. Director’s Office
Function:
An enclosed office with views to the lobby where administrative tasks can be completed and where families and residents can meet with the director.
Quantity:
1
Adjacencies:
Direct: Attendant station, Medicine / Charting room
Close: Vestibule, Breakroom
Minimum Equipment Needs:
· Telephone
· Computer
Furniture Needs:
· Desk
· Task Chair
· Guest Chairs
· Lateral file
Views:
Provide visual of the lobby
Privacy:
Private conversations will take place. Must have acoustical privacy.
Generic Staff Office
Function:
To provide an area for the staff to work on administrative tasks and store information regarding residents.
Quantity:
1
Adjacencies:
Direct: M.C. Director
Close: Break Room
Minimum Equipment Needs:
· Computer
· Telephone
Furniture Needs:
· Desks
· Task Chairs
· Lateral files
Views:
Does not require views
Medicine Room / Charting
Function:
To provide a secure room for medicine and medical equipment as well as charting to be stored
Quantity:
1
Adjacencies:
Direct: M.C. Director
Close: Breakroom, Attendant, Laundry
Minimum Equipment Needs:
· Computer
· Cooler to store medications
Furniture Needs:
· Charting Cart
· Task chair
· Counter space
· Lockable cabinetry
Privacy:
Door should not be visible to residents
Laundry
Function:
To provide a large space where dirty laundry can be cleaned and dried
Quantity:
1
Adjacencies:
Within: Clean Laundry (reach-in closet), Soiled Laundry (reach-in closet
Direct: Large Clean Supply Room
Close: MC Director, Medicine/ Charting Room
Minimum Equipment Needs:
· Two residential sized washers and two dryers
· Iron
Furniture Needs:
· Large laundry bin
· Folding table
Privacy:
Should be out of sight from residents behind locked doors.
Clean Supply Room
Function:
To provide a large locked closet for clean laundry to be folded and stored.
Quantity:
1
Adjacencies:
Direct: Laundry Room
Close: Lobby
Minimum Equipment Needs:
· Iron or steamer
Furniture Needs:
· Folding table
· Hanging rack
· Shelving
Privacy:
Should be out of sight from residents behind locked doors.
Warming Kitchen:
Function:
An area where hot food from the kitchen can be served by staff. Must have limited access from residents.
Quantity:
1
Adjacencies:
Direct: Dining area, Pantry
Close: Kitchen, Living Area
Minimum Equipment Needs:
· 5 warming wells
· Full sized refrigerator
· Counter top beverage machine
· Countertop juice machine
· Countertop coffee maker
· Under-counter ice machine
· Small hand wash sink
· Clear counter area for drink prep by staff
· Upper and lower cabinets for glass storage
Furniture Needs:
· 6-12 seats at accessible counter height approach
· Locking half-doors
Views:
· Should be able to see through on either side to dining areas
· Views to outdoors
Dining Room
Function:
Two, large open dining areas on either side of the warming kitchen to accommodate 42 total residents with extra space to accommodate standing walkers.
Quantity:
2
Adjacencies:
Direct: Warming kitchen, Living area
Close: Kitchen, Lobby, Activity Area
Furniture Needs:
· Assortment of 4-top and/or 6-top tables
· Chairs (2 per table)
Views:
· Large open area
· Views to the outdoors
Pantry
Function:
A locked room to store food, cooking supplies, and drinks
Quantity:
1
Adjacencies:
Direct: Warming Kitchen
Close: Dining area, Kitchen
Furniture Needs:
Shelving
Dining Storage
Function:
An open area to store resident’s walkers while dining. Can also be used to store chairs and tables during events or when extra seating is not needed.
Quantity:
1
Adjacencies:
Direct: Dining Area
Close: Pantry, Warming Kitchen
Views:
Open and visible to the dining area
Living Area:
Function:
Two distinct living areas that make residents feel at home. Must be central to the common space and easy to move through.
Quantity:
1
Adjacencies:
Direct: Dining area, Activity area, Outdoor patio
Close: Warming kitchen, Restrooms
Minimum Equipment Needs:
· Television
Furniture Needs:
· Coffee Table
· Soft seating
· Side tables
Views:
Direct views to the TV
Views to the outdoors.
Shared Activity / Sunroom
Function:
An open area to be used for various activities such as crafts and cooking classes.
Quantity:
1, 2 sunrooms on either side
Adjacencies:
Direct: Activity Storage Closet, Living Area
Close: Restrooms
Minimum Equipment Needs:
· Cooking and baking supplies
· Full sink with upper and lower cabinets
Furniture Needs:
· Large table that can be broken into smaller tables
· Seating for up to 12 or more
Views:
· Must be open to commons
· Must have access to exterior windows
Activity Storage Closet
Function:
Closet area to store games or other activity accessories.
Quantity:
1, 2 sunrooms on either side
Adjacencies:
Direct: Shared Activity / Sunroom
Close: Restroom, Living Area
Furniture Needs:
· Shelving
· Storage bins
Spa:
Function:
To provide a calming and healing environment for residents to relax.
Quantity:
1
Adjacencies:
Direct: Toilet Room, Beauty Salon
Close: Sunroom
Minimum Equipment Needs:
· Whirlpool tub
Furniture Needs:
· Towel rack
· Laundry bin for wet towels
Views:
· Views to the outdoor patio
· Must be visible and welcoming to residents
Beauty Salon:
Function:
To provide a relaxing environment for residents to be pampered.
Quantity:
1
Adjacencies:
Direct: Spa, Outdoor Porch
Close: Sunroom, Toilet Room
Minimum Equipment Needs:
· Two wash stations (sinks with mirrors)
· Two dryer stations
Furniture Needs:
· Locked storage for chemical products
· Salon chair
· Mirrors
Views:
· Views to the outdoor patio
· Must be visible and welcoming to residents
Toilet Room:
Function:
To provide a space where residents and staff can relieve themselves.
Quantity:
1
Adjacencies:
Direct: Spa, Salon
Close: Activity Room
Minimum Equipment Needs:
· Water Closets
· Lavatories:
· Urinal
Views:
Must be open and visible to help remind residents to relieve themselves.
Codes Summary
Entrances
4.14.1 Minimum Number. Entrances required to be accessible by 4.1 shall be part of an accessible route complying with 4.3. Such entrances shall be connected by an accessible route to public transportation stops, to accessible parking and passenger loading zones, and to public streets or sidewalks if available (see 4.3.2(1)). They shall also be connected by an accessible route to all accessible spaces or elements within the building or facility.
Accessible Route
4.3.1* General. All walks, halls, corridors, aisles, skywalks, tunnels, and other spaces that are part of an accessible route shall comply with 4.3.
4.3.3 Width. The minimum clear width of an accessible route shall be 36 in (915 mm) except at doors (see 4.13.5 and 4.13.6). If a person in a wheelchair must make a turn around an obstruction, the minimum clear width of the accessible route shall be as shown in Fig. 7(a) and (b).
4.3.4 Passing Space. If an accessible route has less than 60 in (1525 mm) clear width, then passing spaces at least 60 in by 60 in (1525 mm by 1525 mm) shall be located at reasonable intervals not to exceed 200 ft (61 m). A T-intersection of two corridors or walks is an acceptable passing place.
4.3.7 Slope. An accessible route with a running slope greater than 1:20 is a ramp and shall comply with 4.8. Nowhere shall the cross slope of an accessible route exceed 1:50.
Protruding Objects
4.4.1* General. Objects projecting from walls (for example, telephones) with their leading edges between 27 in and 80 in (685 mm and 2030 mm) above the finished floor shall protrude no more than 4 in (100 mm) into walks, halls, corridors, passageways, or aisles (see Fig. 8(a)). Objects mounted with their leading edges at or below 27 in (685 mm) above the finished floor may protrude any amount (see Fig. 8(a) and (b)). Free-standing objects mounted on posts or pylons may overhang 12 in (305 mm) maximum from 27 in to 80 in (685 mm to 2030 mm) above the ground or finished floor (see Fig. 8(c) and (d)). Protruding objects shall not reduce the clear width of an accessible route or maneuvering space (see Fig. 8(e)).
Ground and Floor Surfaces
4.5.1* General. Ground and floor surfaces along accessible routes and in accessible rooms and spaces including floors, walks, ramps, stairs, and curb ramps, shall be stable, firm, slip-resistant, and shall comply with 4.5.
4.5.2 Changes in Level. Changes in level up to 1/4 in (6 mm) may be vertical and without edge treatment (see Fig. 7(c) ). Changes in level between 1/4 in and 1/2 in (6 mm and 13 mm) shall be beveled with a slope no greater than 1:2 (see Fig. 7(d) ). Changes in level greater than 1/2 in (13 mm) shall be accomplished by means of a ramp that complies with 4.7 or 4.8.
4.5.3* Carpet. If carpet or carpet tile is used on a ground or floor surface, then it shall be securely attached; have a firm cushion, pad, or backing, or no cushion or pad; and have a level loop, textured loop, level cut pile, or level cut/uncut pile texture. The maximum pile thickness shall be 1/2 in (13 mm) (see Fig. 8(f)). Exposed edges of carpet shall be fastened to floor surfaces and have trim along the entire length of the exposed edge. Carpet edge trim shall comply with 4.5.2. Appendix Note
Ramps
4.8.2* Slope and Rise. The least possible slope shall be used for any ramp. The maximum slope of a ramp in new construction shall be 1:12. The maximum rise for any run shall be 30 in (760 mm) (see Fig. 16). Curb ramps and ramps to be constructed on existing sites or in existing buildings or facilities may have slopes and rises as allowed in 4.1.6(3)(a) if space limitations prohibit the use of a 1:12 slope or less.
Handrails
4.8.5* Handrails. If a ramp run has a rise greater than 6 in (150 mm) or a horizontal projection greater than 72 in (1830 mm), then it shall have handrails on both sides. Handrails are not required on curb ramps or adjacent to seating in assembly areas. Handrails shall comply with 4.26 and shall have the following features:
(1) Handrails shall be provided along both sides of ramp segments. The inside handrail on switchback or dogleg ramps shall always be continuous.
(2) If handrails are not continuous, they shall extend at least 12 in (305 mm) beyond the top and bottom of the ramp segment and shall be parallel with the floor or ground surface (see Fig. 17).
(3) The clear space between the handrail and the wall shall be 1 - 1/2 in (38 mm).
(4) Gripping surfaces shall be continuous.
(5) Top of handrail gripping surfaces shall be mounted between 34 in and 38 in (865 mm and 965 mm) above ramp surfaces.
(6) Ends of handrails shall be either rounded or returned smoothly to floor, wall, or post.
Doors
4.13.5 Clear Width. Doorways shall have a minimum clear opening of 32 in (815 mm) with the door open 90 degrees, measured between the face of the door and the opposite stop (see Fig. 24(a), (b), (c), and (d)). Openings more than 24 in (610 mm) in depth shall comply with 4.2.1 and 4.3.3 (see Fig. 24(e)).
4.13.11* Door Opening Force. The maximum force for pushing or pulling open a door shall be as follows:
(1) Fire doors shall have the minimum opening force allowable by the appropriate administrative authority.
(2) Other doors.
(a) exterior hinged doors: (Reserved). (b) interior hinged doors: 5 lbf (22.2N) (c) sliding or folding doors: 5 lbf (22.2N)
Restrooms
4.16.3* Height. The height of water closets shall be 17 in to 19 in (430 mm to 485 mm), measured to the top of the toilet seat (see Fig. 29(b)). Seats shall not be sprung to return to a lifted position.
4.16.4* Grab Bars. Grab bars for water closets not located in stalls shall comply with 4.26 and Fig. 29. The grab bar behind the water closet shall be 36 in (915 mm) minimum.
(1) Clear Floor Space. Clear floor space for water closets not in stalls shall comply with Fig. 28 except that the centerline of water closets shall be 12 in minimum to 18 in maximum (305 mm to 455 mm) from the side wall or partition. Clear floor space may be arranged to allow either a left- or right-hand approach.
(2)Height. The height of water closets shall be 11 in minimum to 17 in maximum (280 mm to 430 mm), measured to the top of the toilet seat. Seats shall not be sprung to return to a lifted position.
(3) Grab Bars. Grab bars for water closets not located in stalls shall comply with 4.26 and Fig. 29 except that grab bars shall be mounted 18 in minimum to 27 in maximum (455 mm to 685 mm) above the finish floor measured to the grab bar centerline. The grab bar behind the water closet shall be 36 in (915 mm) minimum.
Stalls
4.17.3* Size and Arrangement. The size and arrangement of the standard toilet stall shall comply with Fig. 30(a), Standard Stall. Standard toilet stalls with a minimum depth of 56 in (1420 mm) (see Fig. 30(a)) shall have wall-mounted water closets. If the depth of a standard toilet stall is increased at least 3 in (75 mm), then a floor-mounted water closet may be used. Arrangements shown for standard toilet stalls may be reversed to allow either a left- or right-hand approach. Additional stalls shall be provided in conformance with 4.22.4.
4.19.3 Clear Floor Space. A clear floor space 30 in by 48 in (760 mm by 1220 mm) complying with 4.2.4 shall be provided in front of a lavatory to allow forward approach. Such clear floor space shall adjoin or overlap
an accessible route and shall extend a maximum of 19 in (485 mm) underneath the lavatory (see Fig. 32).
4.19.6* Mirrors. Mirrors shall be mounted with the bottom edge of the reflecting surface no higher than 40 in (1015 mm) above the finish floor (see Fig. 31).
Showers
4.21.2 Size and Clearances. Except as specified in 9.1.2, shower stall size and clear floor space shall comply with Fig. 35(a) or (b). The shower stall in Fig. 35(a) shall be 36 in by 36 in (915 mm by 915 mm). Shower stalls required by 9.1.2 shall comply with Fig. 57(a) or (b). The shower stall in Fig. 35(b) will fit into the space required for a bathtub.
4.21.3 Seat. A seat shall be provided in shower stalls 36 in by 36 in (915 mm by 915 mm) and shall be as shown in Fig. 36. The seat shall be mounted 17 in to 19 in (430 mm to 485 mm) from the bathroom floor and shall extend the full depth of the stall. In a 36 in by 36 in (915 mm by 915 mm) shower stall, the seat shall be on the wall opposite the controls. Where a fixed seat is provided in a 30 in by 60 in minimum (760 mm by 1525 mm) shower stall, it shall be a folding type and shall be mounted on the wall adjacent to the controls as shown in Fig. 57. The structural strength of seats and their attachments shall comply with 4.26.3.
Alarms
4.28.1 General. Alarm systems required to be accessible by 4.1 shall comply with 4.28. At a minimum, visual signal appliances shall be provided in buildings and facilities in each of the following areas: restrooms and any other general usage areas (e.g., meeting rooms), hallways, lobbies, and any other area for common use.
4.28.2* Audible Alarms. If provided, audible emergency alarms shall produce a sound that exceeds the prevailing equivalent sound level in the room or space by at least 15 dbA or exceeds any maximum sound level with a duration of 60 seconds by 5 dbA, whichever is louder. Sound levels for alarm signals shall not exceed 120 dbA.
4.28.3* Visual Alarms. Visual alarm signal appliances shall be integrated into the building or facility alarm system. If single station audible alarms are provided then single station visual alarm signals shall be provided. Visual alarm signals shall have the following minimum photometric and location features:
Signage
4.30.2* Character Proportion. Letters and numbers on signs shall have a width-to-height ratio between 3:5 and 1:1 and a stroke-width-to-height ratio between 1:5 and 1:10.
4.30.3 Character Height. Characters and numbers on signs shall be sized according to the viewing distance from which they are to be read. The minimum height is measured using an upper case X. Lower case characters are permitted.
4.30.4* Raised and Brailled Characters and Pictorial Symbol Signs (Pictograms). Letters and numerals shall be raised 1/32 in (0.8 mm) minimum, upper case, sans serif or simple serif type and shall be accompanied with Grade 2 Braille. Raised characters shall be at least 5/8 in (16 mm) high, but no higher than 2 in (50 mm). Pictograms shall be accompanied by the equivalent verbal description placed directly below the pictogram. The border dimension of the pictogram shall be 6 in (152 mm) minimum in height.
4.30.5* Finish and Contrast. The characters and background of signs shall be eggshell, matte, or other non-glare finish. Characters and symbols shall contrast with their background -- either light characters on a dark background or dark characters on a light background.
4.30.6 Mounting Location and Height. Where permanent identification is provided for rooms and spaces, signs shall be installed on the wall adjacent to the latch side of the door. Where there is no wall space to the latch side of the door, including at double leaf doors, signs shall be placed on the nearest adjacent wall. Mounting height shall be 60 in (1525 mm) above the finish floor to the centerline of the sign. Mounting location for such signage shall be so that a person may approach within 3 in (76 mm) of signage without encountering protruding objects or standing within the swing of a door.
Ergonomics & Anthropometrics
Seniors and especially those suffering with dementia require more support in their motor abilities. For this reason, furniture companies have made furniture meets the needs of those with limited abilities. Furniture should be firm enough so that an elderly person does not sink into it, making it difficult to stand up. High backs help individuals maintain their posture which is one of the most important anthropometric characteristics affected by aging. (Kothiyal, Tettey, 2001). According to StudioSIX5, the seat height must be 18.5”, the seat depth must be 18.5-19” maximum for dining seating and 19”-20” maximum for lounge furniture. The seat width should be 19.5” (24” overall) for dining and 24” maximum (28”-35” overall) for lounge seating. The arm height should be 24” for dining and 24-26” for lounge seating.
It is important to reduce the risk of a fall, being that the elderly is more likely, and those falls are often tragic. Flooring finishes cannot be too slippery nor too sticky. Rugs must be inset to match the height of the other floor. Lower pile heights are recommended. There should not be any misplaced objects in the way of a walking path. Lean bars are recommended over grab bars because a person could get their arm stuck in the grab bar and break something.
Proper lighting is essential to help the elderly see where they are going, especially when a person’s visual abilities are severely damaged to due dementia. Eye movement becomes less controlled, peripheral vision is restricted, and low light contrast reduces, all which make falls more likely. Elderly eyes need twice the amount of light than young eyes (Leightons, 2016). Illuminating a space with heaps of natural light as well as artificial light will help reduce this risk. It is also important to minimize glare.
Because much of the elderly population is in wheelchairs, it is important that proper clearances are met to accommodate the space a wheelchair takes up. Space for a 60” turning circle should be met in all areas, especially in places like corridors and restrooms. Doors must be wide enough for a wheelchair to fit through. In order for this to be possible, the doorway must be at least 32 inches wide and in a hallway the door must be at least 36 inches wide (Kothiyal, Tettey, 2001). The greater the width, the better. It is recommended that corridors be 5’ wide.
References
Americans with Disabilities Act: Accessibilities guidelines for buildings and facilities. (1993). Topeka, Kan.: The Department.
Kothiyal, K., & Tettey, S. (n.d.). Anthropometry for Design for the Elderly. Retrieved February 27, 2019, from http://ergo-eg.com/uploads/books/anthropometry for the elderly.pdf
Leightons Opticians & Hearing Care. (2016, November 23). Retrieved February 27, 2019, from https://www.leightons.co.uk/blog/eye-care/how-dementia-affects-your-eyes
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